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October 1999

Monthly assessment

October 1999 Monthly Assessment for England and Wales issued 1/11/1999

England and Wales
Mainly anticyclonic. Very sunny and dry most of the time after a breezy start with some thunder. Unsettled beginning of 4th week with gales and heavy rain around 24th/25th as secondary low passed over. Mainly sunny and dry thereafter.
Diary of highlights

The first few days were unsettled and breezy with some outbreaks of rain, heavy and thundery at times, mainly in the north-west and over northern parts and East Anglia on the 3rd. As pressure rose dry sunny conditions became established by the 5th. There was some frost at night though day temperatures were not far from normal, -3.5 °C being recorded at Redesdale (Northumberland) early on the 6th.

Following some rain on the 7th/8th and some heavy showers in the west on the 10th, high pressure re-established itself over the region. The weather became mostly dry, rather warm and sunny, with Herne Bay (Kent) reaching 20.7 °C on the 10th.

By the 15th the anticyclone had moved to Scandinavia with an attendant ridge over the North Sea. Though staying mostly sunny and dry, a fresh to strong easterly wind picked up on the 17th/18th and with temperatures in the rather cold category it felt distinctly chilly.

From the 20th rain and showers moved northwards across the region becoming more widespread and thundery on the 22nd/23rd especially in the south, south-east and East Anglia and places in the south-west. A secondary depression moved north over the region during the 24th/25th bringing high winds and heavy rain to many areas. Portland reported a gust of 61 kn on the 24th while many places in North Wales had more than 60 mm of rain in 24 hours. Pressure rose steadily from the 26th allowing mainly fine warm and dry weather to prevail with some mist and fog at night. During the 30th a cold front crossed from the west giving heavy rain in places especially over western parts, with some locations reporting thunder later.

Rainfall anomalies ranged from about 130% in parts of the Midlands to around 85% in western and southern areas.

Statistical details (using best available data/estimates): updated 2003

Central England Temperature (the CET series begins in 1659) The mean value for the month was 10.7°C which is 0.1 °C above the 1961-90 normal of 10.6 °C, and is in the close to average category. Others: 1998/10.6, 1997/10.2, 1996/11.7 °C.

England and Wales Rainfall (series begins in 1766) The total for the month was 86.5 mm, which is 99 % of the 1961-90 average, and is in the close to average category. Others: 1998/152.1, 1997/74.7, 1996/87.8, 1995/52.0 mm.

England and Wales Sunshine (series begins in 1961) The total for the month was 124.5 hours, which is 129 % of the 1961-90 average, and is in the well above average category. Others: 1998/97.7, 1997/128.7 hours.

Note: Diary values are provisional based on data available at the time.